Big Idea
A fraction shows equal parts of a whole: the denominator says how many equal parts, and the numerator says how many are used.
Fractions
Understand, simplify, compare, add, and subtract fractions.
Play it first: Fraction Planet Adventure
For younger learners, start with the game version: click pizzas, compare rocket fuel, feed the monster, then fight the Fraction Dragon.
Understand it first
Numerator
The top number counts the selected parts.
Denominator
The bottom number names how many equal parts make the whole.
Equivalent fractions
Fractions can look different but have the same value, such as 1/2 and 2/4.
Diagram: Why does 2/4 = 1/2?
Use this picture to see that both fractions cover the same amount of the whole.
Method Ladder
Use this same ladder every time you meet this topic.
- Check the denominators.
- If adding or subtracting, make a common denominator first.
- Add or subtract the numerators only.
- Simplify the final fraction if possible.
Worked example: Calculate 1/4 + 2/4
- The denominators already match.
- Add the numerators: 1 + 2 = 3.
- Keep the denominator 4.
- Answer: 3/4.
Fix It Lab
Read these before the quiz. They are the traps that lose marks.
- Common mistakeAdding denominators.
- Common mistakeComparing fractions without a common denominator.
- Common mistakeForgetting to simplify the final answer.
New printable worksheet pack
Practise fractions with a colourful 5-page space pack: equivalent fractions, simplifying, comparing, adding fractions, plus an answer key.
Top-mark challenge
Open challenge
Explain why 3/6 is the same as 1/2 using a picture or sentence.
Write full working and one sentence explaining the method.
10-question unlock quiz
The quiz is now on separate pages. You answer one question, then the next question opens. Finish Question 10 to complete this mission.
Start Question 1